试谈强化审判工作执法监督/张洪军
作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-07-03 12:39:56 浏览:9000
来源:法律资料网
下载地址: 点击此处下载
试谈强化审判工作执法监督
张洪军
做好新形势下的法院工作，确保审判权利的正确实施，必须将执法队伍置于严格的监督制约之下，以保障严肃执法、秉公办案，在人民群众中树立起公正、廉洁、文明、高效的良好形象。
一、健全制度，规范执法行为
在审判工作中，应注重在容易出现问题的关键部位和环节上建立健全监督制度，以制度和纪律规范执法行为，形成与执法活动并行的全程制度制约。
（一）案前防范。主要应采取三项制度：一是开庭日期立案确定制。当事人起诉后，一经审查立案，即告知其开庭时间，送达应诉通知书并公告公布，至期即开庭审理，即缩短了办案周期，提高了办案效率，又防止了当事人托人、求人催办而形成人情案、关系案问题的发生。二是实行案件排期和庭长调配制。即立案转审判庭后，案件安排和庭长的调配决定由谁承办，从审判活动的起点上防止办案人员与当事人勾通，堵塞办人情案、关系案的漏洞。三是双向约法制，在当事人应诉的同时，办案人员与双方当事人共同签订抵制不正之风规定书，把最高人民法院制定的政法干警八个不准和当事人不准说情、请吃送礼等纪律要求说在前面，亮到明处，共同遵守，共同监督，并签名入卷。
（二）案中规范。应主要采取五项制度：一是直接开庭制度。案件排期后到开庭前，审判人员一般不与当事人接触，开庭时间一到就直接开庭，庭审推行辩论式，由当事人双方在法庭上提出主张，提供证据，互相质证、辩论，法官当庭确认证据效力。这样，大大增强执法的透明度和公开性、公正性，当事人怀疑法官受贿不公、不服判决的案件将大大减少。二是主审法官责任制。审判人员对自己承办案件的事实，适用法律和裁判全面负责，把执法责任落实到执法干警，权力与责任相一致，同时，审判委员会、院长、庭长依法实施必要的监督，如发现存在问题以及违法违纪行为的有权提出指令性意见或变更主审法官，以保证干警正确行使权力。三是庭审考核制。根据诉讼法与上级法院的要求，建立《庭审规程》以及《几类主要案件的庭审调查要点、法律依据和处理原则》，让干警遵循。院长、审判委员会不定期进行考核，旁听审判人员庭审，按庭审规范记分，促进审判人员克服随意性，严格按规范办案。四是在诉讼费统收、统管、统结的同时，实行当事人过付款，统一过付，能直接划拨的直接划拨，不允许办案人员插手，防止以权谋私问题的发生。五是送礼说情公开制。根据最高法院《纪律处分条例》的规定，各级法院都应制定具体的细则。对当事人请吃喝的一律在开庭时公布，对当事人送的钱物一律在开庭时公开没收归公，即防止办案人员吃请受礼，也约束了当事人说情送礼。
（三）案后约束。一是当事人评议制度。案件立案后即发给双方当事人《征求意见函》，当事人对审判人员的执法态度、审判作风、遵守办案纪律等方面有意见、看法、建议等，填在函中的评议卡上，直接寄院纪检组。二是错案追究制。明确错案的标准、界限、范围以及追究的方法和处罚措施，按照最高法院的《纪律处分条例》及法院自己的具体操作规程，每月一次对办结的案件进行考核，对办案不公、枉法裁判而造成的冤错案、追究承办人的责任。三是政治经济利益制约制度。出差补助费与办案数量、质量、效果挂钩，按干警德能勤绩分解出勤、纪律作风和岗位任务三部分一百分，按得分多少进行奖励。如纪律作风方面扣分、不仅拿不到出差补助和奖励，而且评先、记功、晋职晋级一分否决。
二、强化措施，保障制度运作
（一）坚持经常性的思想教育、把落实制度建立在干警高度自觉的基础上。学习中，不仅注重合理安排制度规定的内容，而且注重利用专题报告、演讲会、放录像、知识竞赛等形式，增强学习效果，使人人熟知制度规定，理解制度规定，遵守制度规定，从思想上筑牢反腐倡廉的防线。
（二）实行多方位监督，动员社会力量，促进制度落实。一是主动争取上级监督，院领导要定期不定期走访党委、人大、政府，接受监督和指导，同时邀请人大代表来院检查工作，向他们通报情况、征求意见并每年一次向驻本地各级人大代表发放征求意见函。二是广泛争取社会监督。通过政务公开栏 、张贴公告及报纸、广播、电视等广泛宣传，让群众了解法院的工作程序、纪律、办案制度，掌握监督的内容、标准、方法，以方便群众监督。可实行有奖举报制度。此外，应从人大代表中聘请义务监督员，定期召开情况通报会、座谈会，宣传法院的制度规定，了解干警遵纪守法情况。三是强化内部监督。注重发挥纪检组职能作用，并结合法院工作特点，适当扩大纪检组、监察室、审判监督庭等职能监督部门的权限，使业务监督与纪律监督并行，对审判工作实行事前、事中、事后全程同步监督。四是依靠当事人直接监督。每年组织一次当事人评议法官活动，把已结案件的当事人特别是败诉的当事人请到法院，由院长、纪检组、政工人员当面听取当事人对法官的执法情况、审判作风以及遵纪守法情况等评头论足。除集中组织评议外，纪检组要不定期的邀请当事人或上门、发调查问卷听取当事人的意见。
（三）强化管理，保证制度落实。院党组应将党的廉政建设目标合理分解，落实至庭室，由院长和庭室负责人、庭室负责人与干警签订责任状，逐月考核，年底总评。
（四）严肃执纪，维护制度权威。做到有章必循，有报必查，违章必究，从严执纪。在执行制度、适用法律、确定处罚等环节上，决不大事化小、姑息纵容。
三、领导自律，带动制度落实
落实监督制度的关键在领导，要坚持抓队伍先抓领导班子。坚持约束干警先约束党组成员，狠抓领导在落实监督制度中的表率作用。
（一）坚持党风廉政建设责任制。一方面自上而下实行院党政主要领导对庭室负责人负责，庭室负责人对干警负责。主要领导经常抓，班子成员分头抓，庭室结合业务抓，一级抓一级，出现问题分管领导承担连带责任。另一方面，自下而上实行一般党员干部、干警一起对各级领导进行监督，由下级对上级执行廉政制度的情况进行评判。形成领导管全院，全院管领导，领导带全院，全院看领导的廉政建设格局，加大制度对领导干部的约束力，增强领导自觉执行制度的压力感和责任感。
（二）坚持民主集中制。院党组要实行集体领导分工负责，重大问题、重大案件的处理由院党组或审委会集体讨论决定，不搞一言堂。这样，不仅强化班子成员之间的相互监督，而且将增进团结，还会有效的抵御来自社会各方面的压力和干扰。
（三）坚持严于律已。院领导要自觉遵守规定和纪律，做到带头执行各项廉政制度，以实际行动为干警树立起榜样。
（作者单位：山东省东营市垦利县人民法院）
联系电话：0546－2581258
张洪军
做好新形势下的法院工作，确保审判权利的正确实施，必须将执法队伍置于严格的监督制约之下，以保障严肃执法、秉公办案，在人民群众中树立起公正、廉洁、文明、高效的良好形象。
一、健全制度，规范执法行为
在审判工作中，应注重在容易出现问题的关键部位和环节上建立健全监督制度，以制度和纪律规范执法行为，形成与执法活动并行的全程制度制约。
（一）案前防范。主要应采取三项制度：一是开庭日期立案确定制。当事人起诉后，一经审查立案，即告知其开庭时间，送达应诉通知书并公告公布，至期即开庭审理，即缩短了办案周期，提高了办案效率，又防止了当事人托人、求人催办而形成人情案、关系案问题的发生。二是实行案件排期和庭长调配制。即立案转审判庭后，案件安排和庭长的调配决定由谁承办，从审判活动的起点上防止办案人员与当事人勾通，堵塞办人情案、关系案的漏洞。三是双向约法制，在当事人应诉的同时，办案人员与双方当事人共同签订抵制不正之风规定书，把最高人民法院制定的政法干警八个不准和当事人不准说情、请吃送礼等纪律要求说在前面，亮到明处，共同遵守，共同监督，并签名入卷。
（二）案中规范。应主要采取五项制度：一是直接开庭制度。案件排期后到开庭前，审判人员一般不与当事人接触，开庭时间一到就直接开庭，庭审推行辩论式，由当事人双方在法庭上提出主张，提供证据，互相质证、辩论，法官当庭确认证据效力。这样，大大增强执法的透明度和公开性、公正性，当事人怀疑法官受贿不公、不服判决的案件将大大减少。二是主审法官责任制。审判人员对自己承办案件的事实，适用法律和裁判全面负责，把执法责任落实到执法干警，权力与责任相一致，同时，审判委员会、院长、庭长依法实施必要的监督，如发现存在问题以及违法违纪行为的有权提出指令性意见或变更主审法官，以保证干警正确行使权力。三是庭审考核制。根据诉讼法与上级法院的要求，建立《庭审规程》以及《几类主要案件的庭审调查要点、法律依据和处理原则》，让干警遵循。院长、审判委员会不定期进行考核，旁听审判人员庭审，按庭审规范记分，促进审判人员克服随意性，严格按规范办案。四是在诉讼费统收、统管、统结的同时，实行当事人过付款，统一过付，能直接划拨的直接划拨，不允许办案人员插手，防止以权谋私问题的发生。五是送礼说情公开制。根据最高法院《纪律处分条例》的规定，各级法院都应制定具体的细则。对当事人请吃喝的一律在开庭时公布，对当事人送的钱物一律在开庭时公开没收归公，即防止办案人员吃请受礼，也约束了当事人说情送礼。
（三）案后约束。一是当事人评议制度。案件立案后即发给双方当事人《征求意见函》，当事人对审判人员的执法态度、审判作风、遵守办案纪律等方面有意见、看法、建议等，填在函中的评议卡上，直接寄院纪检组。二是错案追究制。明确错案的标准、界限、范围以及追究的方法和处罚措施，按照最高法院的《纪律处分条例》及法院自己的具体操作规程，每月一次对办结的案件进行考核，对办案不公、枉法裁判而造成的冤错案、追究承办人的责任。三是政治经济利益制约制度。出差补助费与办案数量、质量、效果挂钩，按干警德能勤绩分解出勤、纪律作风和岗位任务三部分一百分，按得分多少进行奖励。如纪律作风方面扣分、不仅拿不到出差补助和奖励，而且评先、记功、晋职晋级一分否决。
二、强化措施，保障制度运作
（一）坚持经常性的思想教育、把落实制度建立在干警高度自觉的基础上。学习中，不仅注重合理安排制度规定的内容，而且注重利用专题报告、演讲会、放录像、知识竞赛等形式，增强学习效果，使人人熟知制度规定，理解制度规定，遵守制度规定，从思想上筑牢反腐倡廉的防线。
（二）实行多方位监督，动员社会力量，促进制度落实。一是主动争取上级监督，院领导要定期不定期走访党委、人大、政府，接受监督和指导，同时邀请人大代表来院检查工作，向他们通报情况、征求意见并每年一次向驻本地各级人大代表发放征求意见函。二是广泛争取社会监督。通过政务公开栏 、张贴公告及报纸、广播、电视等广泛宣传，让群众了解法院的工作程序、纪律、办案制度，掌握监督的内容、标准、方法，以方便群众监督。可实行有奖举报制度。此外，应从人大代表中聘请义务监督员，定期召开情况通报会、座谈会，宣传法院的制度规定，了解干警遵纪守法情况。三是强化内部监督。注重发挥纪检组职能作用，并结合法院工作特点，适当扩大纪检组、监察室、审判监督庭等职能监督部门的权限，使业务监督与纪律监督并行，对审判工作实行事前、事中、事后全程同步监督。四是依靠当事人直接监督。每年组织一次当事人评议法官活动，把已结案件的当事人特别是败诉的当事人请到法院，由院长、纪检组、政工人员当面听取当事人对法官的执法情况、审判作风以及遵纪守法情况等评头论足。除集中组织评议外，纪检组要不定期的邀请当事人或上门、发调查问卷听取当事人的意见。
（三）强化管理，保证制度落实。院党组应将党的廉政建设目标合理分解，落实至庭室，由院长和庭室负责人、庭室负责人与干警签订责任状，逐月考核，年底总评。
（四）严肃执纪，维护制度权威。做到有章必循，有报必查，违章必究，从严执纪。在执行制度、适用法律、确定处罚等环节上，决不大事化小、姑息纵容。
三、领导自律，带动制度落实
落实监督制度的关键在领导，要坚持抓队伍先抓领导班子。坚持约束干警先约束党组成员，狠抓领导在落实监督制度中的表率作用。
（一）坚持党风廉政建设责任制。一方面自上而下实行院党政主要领导对庭室负责人负责，庭室负责人对干警负责。主要领导经常抓，班子成员分头抓，庭室结合业务抓，一级抓一级，出现问题分管领导承担连带责任。另一方面，自下而上实行一般党员干部、干警一起对各级领导进行监督，由下级对上级执行廉政制度的情况进行评判。形成领导管全院，全院管领导，领导带全院，全院看领导的廉政建设格局，加大制度对领导干部的约束力，增强领导自觉执行制度的压力感和责任感。
（二）坚持民主集中制。院党组要实行集体领导分工负责，重大问题、重大案件的处理由院党组或审委会集体讨论决定，不搞一言堂。这样，不仅强化班子成员之间的相互监督，而且将增进团结，还会有效的抵御来自社会各方面的压力和干扰。
（三）坚持严于律已。院领导要自觉遵守规定和纪律，做到带头执行各项廉政制度，以实际行动为干警树立起榜样。
（作者单位：山东省东营市垦利县人民法院）
联系电话：0546－2581258
下载地址: 点击此处下载
Partnership - New option for foreign investment in China
Zhiguo Li
A new door to partnership is opened by the Chinese government to the foreign investors under this post-financial turmoil era in order to attract more foreign investment and provide more employment. On November 25, 2009, the State Council of the PRC promulgated the Measures for the Administration on the Establishment of Partnership Business by Foreign Enterprises or Individuals in China adopted at the 77th executive meeting of the State Council on August 19, 2009, which shall come into effect as of March 1, 2010 (“the Foreign Partnership Measures”). The Foreign Partnership Measures is regarded as supplementary to the Partnership Business Law of the People's Republic of China (“the Partnership Law”), article 108 of which provides that the measures for the administration on the establishment of partnership business by foreign enterprises or individuals shall be formulated by the State Council. Therefore the Partnership Law is the basic law for foreign enterprises or individuals (collectively “foreign partners”) to establish the partnership business in China (“foreign partnership”).
The initial effort to formulate this kind of measures with the authorization of the Partnership Law can be tracked to January 2007 when the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (MOC), as requested by the Legislative Affair Office of the State Council, promulgated a draft of the Measures for the Administration on the Foreign Funded Partnership Business (“the Draft”) for public consultation. The Draft mostly reflect the intention of the MOC to remain the approval authority for the foreign partnerships as it does in the setup of the other three types of FIEs, such as equity joint venture, contractual joint venture and wholly foreign owned enterprise (i.e., EJV, CJV and WFOE, collectively FIEs). But the final Foreign Partnership Measures kick the MOC and its local branches (“the MOC local branches”) out from the charging authority with the replacement by the local authorized branch of the State Administration of Industry and Commerce (SAIC local branch), which is unexpected to but welcome by the professionals and entrepreneurs. This article will do analysis on the Foreign Partnership Measures from four perspectives: foreign partnership models, foreign partners’ qualification, thresholds and registration of the foreign partnership, in aiming to describe a clear foreign partnership roadmap for foreign partners.
Foreign Partnership Models
Foreign partners can set up the foreign partnership in China in three models: a. with the other foreign partners; b. with the Chinese individuals, legal persons and the other organizations registered and located in Mainland China; c. through participating the existing domestic partnership.
In the models above, the foreign partners have the option to take the form of general partnership, limited liability partnership or limited partnership stipulated by the Partnership Law, among which the limited liability partnership is only for the professional institutions such as law firms and accounting firms. Comparing with model a and b, model c seems more feasible and time-and-cost saving for the foreign partners. A complete due diligence will be conducted in order to minimize the risk from the operation of the domestic partnership before the participation date of the foreign partners. In consideration of the current administration and nature of the partnerships, lack of credibility and the other elements in China, it will be difficult to get a complete due diligence report satisfied with the foreign partners. Therefore, models a and b are highly recommended. Which model of a or b take needs the consideration and balance of the foreign partners based on their business plan, legal structuring, such as whether foreign partners themselves intend to do the business competing with the foreign partnership and how to exit by transferring the contribution in the partnership, ect., and the thresholds discussed below.
Foreign Partners’ Qualification
The difference in the expression on the partners from overseas and China should be noted. Foreign partners only include foreign enterprises and individuals. The Chinese partners include Chinese individuals, legal persons and the other organizations. There is no unified legal interpretation on the “enterprise”, though mostly it refers to the profitable organizations. This uncertainty may come from the prudency of the legislator of China on the qualifications of foreign partners. Under article 184 of the Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues concerning the Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China for Trial (“the Opinions”), this expression of “enterprise” on the foreign partners allow the SAIC local branch more discretion to judge whether the foreign partner is a qualified “enterprise” or not in accordance with the relevant Chinese laws. In this scenario, the foreign partners need to note that they should not fall into the types of entities prescribed in article 3 of the Partnership Law if they aim to be a general partner, which says that wholly state-funded company, state-owned company, listed company, public-welfare-oriented institution or social organization may not become a general partner.
Regarding the foreign individuals, they must have full capacity for civil conduct in accordance with article 14 of the Partnership Law. The international private law problem will also be involved here. Pursuant to article 180 of the Opinions, the foreign individuals who conduct civil activities in the territory of China, shall be regarded as having full capacity for civil conduct if they have that in accordance with China laws, no matter what their national laws requires for their capacity for civil conduct. Foreign individuals at or above the age of 18 years old are qualified to be the foreign partners if they are not mentally ill.
Thresholds for Foreign Partnership
Some thresholds, such as the approval by the MOC, imposed on the FIEs are lifted for foreign partnership. This means that the foreign partnership and the domestic partnership will be treated with unified threshold in the aspect of approval, which will definitely reduce the criticism from the international community, but may cause more from the domestic public (including those FIEs). But it does not mean that there will be no thresholds review on foreign partnership.
Article 3 of the Foreign Partnership Measures lists the general thresholds for the foreign partnerships. The establishment of foreign partnership shall abide by the Partnership Law and the other relevant laws, regulations and rules, and comply with the industrial policies for foreign investment. These general thresholds need to be analyzed together with the reference to the other relevant laws, regulations, rules and policies.
First, the threshold provided by the Partnership Law is the pre-approval on the business scope. Where the business cope of a foreign partnership contains any item, for example oil distribution, that is subject to approval prior to registration according to laws or regulations, such approval shall be sought in advance and submitted at the time of registration with SAIC local branch. These pre-approvals involve , but not limited to, the Ministry of Land, the Ministry of Transport, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, etc., which depends on the business of the foreign partnership.
Second, the Provisions on Guiding the Orientation of Foreign Investment (2002) and the Catalogue for the Guidance of Foreign Investment Industries (revised in 2007) (collectively “foreign investment industrial policies”) set up the industrial threshold for the foreign partnerships, which are the industrial policy basis for the SAIC local branch to review registration application to establish foreign partnership in China. This will obviously increase the working load of the SAIC local branches since they are lack of the experience in this kind of foreign investment industrial policies review. We may also anticipate that there might be different explanation and implementations on the above two documents, which will be the problem faced by those foreign partners who submit the application in the first half year after the Foreign Partnership Measures comes into force on March 1, 2010.
The third threshold is that the verification is required if the project invested by the foreign partners falls into the scope described in the Provisional Measures Governing Verification of Foreign Invested Projects. The charging authority is the National Development and Reform Commission and its local branches, which depending on the amount of the total investment and the nature of the project.
It is necessary to note the forth threshold hidden in the important expression in article 3 of the Foreign Partnership Measures, which put the “rules” as the legal basis for the establishment of foreign partnerships. In the legal system of China, it indicates that the State Council authorizes the ministries or departments under the State Council (“the Ministries”) to issue necessary “rules” applicable to foreign partnerships. It also reflects that the existing valid “rules” issued by the Ministries, including those applicable to the representative offices opened by foreign law firms in China, are still the barrier for the foreign partners to access the local market in China.
The final threshold comes from the commitment of China in its WTO accession. Although the State Council encourages those foreign partners who have advanced technology and management experience to establish foreign partnership in China with the purpose to facilitate the development of the modern service industry, at this stage, the services industries may only limited to those listed in the Schedule of Specific Commitments on Services (Annex 9 of the Protocol on the Accession of the People’s Republic of China) and the openness will not be wider than the commitments therein.
Registration of the Foreign Partnership
In the FIEs regime, all investments by foreign investors need the pre-approvals of the MOC or MOC local branches. In the approval process, the MOC or MOC local branches will review, but not limited to, the content of the application, the article of associations of FIEs and contracts signed by the parties if any. Generally, this approval procedure will take 5 working days to 90 working days depending on the nature and total investment of the project. In this regard, the cancel of this approval for the foreign partnership will significantly escalate the speed of the establishment in the procedural stage and to a great extent reduce the uncertainty from the MOC or MOC local branches.
The Foreign Partnership Measures stipulates that the representative or agent of all the partners shall submit the establishment application only to the SAIC local branch and not the SAIC. The submission shall include, besides the documents required by the Regulations on the Administration of Registration of Partnership Business (revised in 2007, “Partnership Registration Regulation”), the explanation on compliance of the foreign partnership with the foreign investment industrial policies, which will ease the review by the SAIC local branch. In this regard, the review may not be limited to the formality as provided in article 16 of Partnership Registration Regulation. It seems impossible for the SAIC local branch to issue the license to the foreign partnership on the spot. In this scenario, the SAIC local branch shall make a decision on whether to issue the license to the foreign partnership within 20 working days after the date it accepts the complete application.
The Foreign Partnership Measures is the second case for MOC and MOC local branches to lose approval authority in the recent years. The first case is for the representative office opened by most of foreign enterprises in China since 2004. Although the loss of approval authority, the MOC local branches at the same level with the SAIC local branches accepting the application for establishment of foreign partnership shall be advised the registration information (including the establishment, alteration and cancel) of the foreign partnerships by the latter.
Conclusion
For those foreign partners not interested in establishing professional foreign partnerships such as law firms in China, they are now can access the Chinese market with a presence in the option of partnership. The approval procedures involved with the MOC or its local branches as set up for FIEs has been removed. The minimum investment (registered capital) requirement for FIEs has been reduced to RMB30,000 (RMB100,000 for one-person limited liability company) by the Company Law of the People's Republic of China (revised in 2005), the Foreign Partnership Measures leave the minimum investment open to the partners. The foreign partners can contribute with the currency (freely exchanged foreign currency or legally earned RMB), in kind, IPR, land use right, the other properties or labor service (limited to general partners) to the foreign partnerships. All these will minimize the cost for foreign partners to achieve their goal of profit maximization in China. But those enterprises focusing on the investment business, such as the foreign-funded venture capital investment enterprises and foreign-funded investment companies, are excluded from the Foreign Partnership Measures due to lack of experience in administrating this kind of enterprises by the government.
江苏省淮安市人民政府
市政府关于印发淮安市建筑节能管理办法的通知
各县（区）人民政府，市各委、办、局，市各直属单位：
现将《淮安市建筑节能管理办法》印发给你们，希认真贯彻执行。
淮安市人民政府
二○一一年四月一日
淮安市建筑节能管理办法
第一条 为加强建筑节能管理，降低建筑使用能耗，提高能源利用效率，改善环境质量，促进经济和社会可持续发展，根据《中华人民共和国节约能源法》、国务院《民用建筑节能条例》、《江苏省建筑节能管理办法》等有关法律、法规、规章，结合本市实际，制定本办法。
第二条 凡在本市行政区域内实施新建建筑节能、既有建筑节能改造、可再生能源建筑应用、建筑用能系统运行节能及其监督管理等活动，均应遵守本办法。
第三条 本办法所称建筑节能，是指在建筑的规划、设计、建设、施工、监理和节能运行管理过程中，执行国家、行业和省、市建筑节能标准，采用节能技术、设备和产品，提高建筑围护结构保温隔热性能和用能系统运行效率，利用可再生能源，在保证建筑物室内热环境质量的前提下，降低建筑能源消耗，合理、有效地利用资源的活动。
第四条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门负责本辖区内的建筑节能监督管理工作。
第五条 市、县（区）人民政府应鼓励、扶持建筑节能的科学研究和技术开发，加强新型墙体材料的应用，推广节能型的技术、工艺、设备、材料和产品，促进可再生能源的开发利用。
第六条 对在建筑节能工作中有显著成绩的单位和个人，按照国家、省和市有关规定给予表彰和奖励。
第七条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门应当会同同级发展改革、规划、经济信息化等有关部门，组织编制建筑节能规划，报同级人民政府批准后实施。建筑节能专项规划应当包括新建建筑的节能要求、既有建筑的节能改造、可再生能源在建筑中的开发利用、建筑物用能管理等内容，同时提出工作目标、工作内容、具体要求和保障措施。
第八条 市、县（区）人民政府应当安排建筑节能专项资金，用于支持建筑节能的科学技术研究和标准制定、既有建筑的节能改造、可再生能源的应用、建筑节能的宣传以及建筑节能示范工程、节能项目、绿色建筑的推广。
第九条 市、县城乡规划行政主管部门在编制城市详细规划、镇详细规划时，应当在规划布局和建筑物的平面布置、形状、朝向、体量等方面综合考虑建筑节能和建筑能源利用的要求。
第十条 市建设行政主管部门应当依法推广和执行建筑节能强制性标准，定期发布在本市推广、限制或者禁止使用的建筑节能技术、工艺、设备、材料和产品的目录。政府投资的建设项目应当优先选用建筑节能推广目录中的技术、工艺、设备、材料和产品。鼓励按照节能和环保要求，建设绿色建筑和全装修成品住宅。
第十一条 建筑设计、施工、检测、验收、相关技术、工艺和材料的应用，以及建筑节能咨询服务、建筑的能源利用效率测评和标识、建筑用能系统运行管理等活动，应当执行国家、行业和江苏省制定的建筑节能标准。
第十二条 限制建筑物外墙围护结构使用保温浆料系统，鼓励采用墙体自保温体系，住宅建筑的分户墙、公共建筑的内隔墙采取保温节能措施。
第十三条 建设单位、设计单位在保证建筑物质量和使用功能的前提下，应当优先采用成熟的太阳能、地热能等可再生能源以及其他节能技术、产品。
第十四条 新建建筑物的设计、施工、验收，应当严格执行国家标准、行业标准、地方标准的相关规定，鼓励新建建筑物利用可再生能源。
第十五条 国家机关办公建筑和大型公共建筑新建、改建、扩建项目的可行性研究报告，应当载明有关建筑能耗指标、节能技术措施等建筑节能的要求，并按照规定编制节能专章。可行性研究报告不符合建筑节能要求的，有关部门不得批准。
第十六条 市、县城乡规划行政主管部门在审批建设项目设计方案时，应当综合考虑能源利用和建筑节能的要求，并就设计方案是否符合建筑节能强制性标准征求同级建设主管部门的意见；建设主管部门应当自收到征求意见材料之日起10个工作日内提出意见。征求意见不算在规划许可的期限内。设计方案不符合建筑节能强制性标准的，不得颁发建设工程规划许可证。
第十七条 建设单位不得明示或暗示设计单位、施工单位降低建筑节能标准，不得明示或暗示施工单位使用不符合建筑节能要求的墙体材料、保温材料、门窗、空调系统、照明设备等产品。在建工程的建筑节能措施应当作为施工现场公示信息之一，在施工现场出入口等显著位置予以公示。
第十八条 设计单位编制的设计方案、初步设计文件、施工图设计文件应当包括符合编制深度规定要求的建筑节能专篇内容，并附相应的节能计算书。
第十九条 施工图审查机构应当严格按照相关的建筑节能设计标准对建筑节能的内容进行审查，对不符合建筑节能强制性标准的，不得出具审查合格书。当建筑设计修改涉及建筑节能强制性标准时，必须将修改后的设计文件送原施工图审查机构重新审查。
第二十条 施工单位应当编制建筑节能专项施工技术方案，严格按照建筑节能审查合格的施工图设计文件和建筑节能施工技术标准的要求进行施工，需要复检的应及时送检。
第二十一条 监理单位应当按照审查合格的设计文件和建筑节能标准的要求实施监理，针对工程的特点制定符合建筑节能要求的监理规划及监理实施细则。未经专业监理工程师检查签字，涉及建筑节能功能的墙体材料、保温材料、门窗制品、空调系统、照明设备不得在工程上使用或者安装，施工单位不得进行下一道工序的施工。
第二十二条 建设工程质量监督机构在日常工程质量监督中，发现未按经审查合格的施工图设计文件进行施工或违反建筑节能强制性标准施工的，应及时要求建设单位进行整改，对不按规定进行整改或整改不符合要求的项目，不得办理竣工验收备案手续。
第二十三条 建设单位应当及时组织建筑节能分项工程验收。工程竣工验收报告应当注明建筑节能的内容和实施情况。未经验收或者验收不合格的，不得出具竣工验收合格报告。
第二十四条 房地产开发企业应当将所售商品住房的节能措施、围护结构保温隔热性能指标、用能系统、可再生能源利用等基本信息在销售现场显著位置予以公示，并在《商品房买卖合同》、《住宅质量保证书》和《住宅使用说明书》中予以载明。
第二十五条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门应当对本行政区域内既有建筑的建设年代、结构形式、用能系统、能源消耗指标、寿命周期等进行调查统计和分析，制定既有建筑节能改造计划，有计划、分步骤地实施分类改造。
第二十六条 既有建筑节能改造应当以公共建筑改造为重点，充分考虑建筑物的剩余使用年限，并对改造的必要性、可行性进行科学论证，充分利用可再生能源。
第二十七条 居住建筑及其他公共建筑不符合建筑节能强制性标准的，在尊重建筑所有权人意愿的基础上，可以结合扩建、改建，逐步实施节能改造。
第二十八条 市、县（区）国家机关办公建筑的节能改造费用，由本级人民政府纳入财政预算。居住建筑和教育、科学、文化、卫生、体育等公益事业使用的公共建筑节能改造费用，由政府、建筑所有权人共同负担。
第二十九条 实施既有建筑节能改造，应当优先采用门窗改造、遮阳、改善通风等低成本改造措施。既有建筑围护结构的改造和供热系统的改造，应当同步进行。
第三十条 鼓励社会资金投资建筑物的建筑节能改造，投资人可以按协议分享建筑物节能改造所获得的收益。
第三十一条 新建建筑的采暖制冷系统、热水供应系统、照明设备等应当优先采用太阳能、浅层地能、工业余热、生物质能等可再生能源，并与建筑物主体同步设计、同步施工、同步验收。政府投资的公共建筑应当至少利用一种可再生能源。
第三十二条 新建宾馆、酒店等有热水需要的公共建筑以及十二层及以下住宅，应将太阳能热水系统设计纳入建筑工程设计，统一规划、同步设计、同步施工，与建筑工程同时投入使用。
第三十三条 鼓励既有居住建筑和宾馆、酒店等有热水需要的公共建筑在进行节能改造时，设计、安装太阳能热水系统。物业服务企业应当为业主安装太阳能热水系统提供方便。
第三十四条 鼓励新建居住小区配置水资源循环回收利用系统。
第三十五条 鼓励使用地表水源热泵系统，并按照有关规定减免水资源费。采用地源热泵封闭循环技术，应当符合水环境保护标准。
第三十六条 鼓励结合城市建筑物、公共设施建设一体化太阳能光伏发电设施。对道路、公园、车站等公共设施推广使用太阳能光电照明系统。鼓励对建筑的屋顶、墙面等部位实施绿化。鼓励农村地区推广沼气等生物质能技术应用。
第三十七条 建筑物所有权人、使用权人或者受委托的物业服务企业应当按照国家和本省建筑节能规定，对建筑的围护结构和用能系统进行日常维护，不得人为损坏；发现损坏的，应当及时予以修复或者更换。对建筑物进行装修时应当采取必要的保护措施，防止破坏原有的围护结构、用能设备、可再生能源利用系统等节能设施。
第三十八条 使用空调采暖、制冷的公共建筑，除特殊用途外，夏季室内空调温度设置不得低于二十六摄氏度，冬季室内空调温度设置不得高于二十摄氏度。
第三十九条 建筑照明工程应当合理选择照明标准、照明方式、控制方式，并充分利用自然光，选用节能型产品，降低照明电耗，提高照明质量。
第四十条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门应当按照有关规定对本行政区域内公共建筑的用能情况进行调查、统计和分析，并可将公共建筑的能源消耗情况向社会公布。
第四十一条 建设单位、设计单位、施工单位或者监理单位违反本办法，未按照建筑节能规范及相关标准进行工程设计、施工、监理和竣工验收的，依照《建设工程质量管理条例》、《江苏省建筑节能管理办法》等有关法律法规的规定予以处罚。
第四十二条 国家工作人员在建筑节能监督管理工作中滥用职权、徇私舞弊、玩忽职守的，由行政主管部门或者监察机关依法追究行政责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第四十三条 本办法所称建筑，是指民用建筑和工业建设项目中具有民用建筑功能的建筑。农民自建低层住宅不适用本办法，但鼓励采用建筑节能措施。
第四十四条 本办法自2011年5月1日起施行。
Zhiguo Li
A new door to partnership is opened by the Chinese government to the foreign investors under this post-financial turmoil era in order to attract more foreign investment and provide more employment. On November 25, 2009, the State Council of the PRC promulgated the Measures for the Administration on the Establishment of Partnership Business by Foreign Enterprises or Individuals in China adopted at the 77th executive meeting of the State Council on August 19, 2009, which shall come into effect as of March 1, 2010 (“the Foreign Partnership Measures”). The Foreign Partnership Measures is regarded as supplementary to the Partnership Business Law of the People's Republic of China (“the Partnership Law”), article 108 of which provides that the measures for the administration on the establishment of partnership business by foreign enterprises or individuals shall be formulated by the State Council. Therefore the Partnership Law is the basic law for foreign enterprises or individuals (collectively “foreign partners”) to establish the partnership business in China (“foreign partnership”).
The initial effort to formulate this kind of measures with the authorization of the Partnership Law can be tracked to January 2007 when the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (MOC), as requested by the Legislative Affair Office of the State Council, promulgated a draft of the Measures for the Administration on the Foreign Funded Partnership Business (“the Draft”) for public consultation. The Draft mostly reflect the intention of the MOC to remain the approval authority for the foreign partnerships as it does in the setup of the other three types of FIEs, such as equity joint venture, contractual joint venture and wholly foreign owned enterprise (i.e., EJV, CJV and WFOE, collectively FIEs). But the final Foreign Partnership Measures kick the MOC and its local branches (“the MOC local branches”) out from the charging authority with the replacement by the local authorized branch of the State Administration of Industry and Commerce (SAIC local branch), which is unexpected to but welcome by the professionals and entrepreneurs. This article will do analysis on the Foreign Partnership Measures from four perspectives: foreign partnership models, foreign partners’ qualification, thresholds and registration of the foreign partnership, in aiming to describe a clear foreign partnership roadmap for foreign partners.
Foreign Partnership Models
Foreign partners can set up the foreign partnership in China in three models: a. with the other foreign partners; b. with the Chinese individuals, legal persons and the other organizations registered and located in Mainland China; c. through participating the existing domestic partnership.
In the models above, the foreign partners have the option to take the form of general partnership, limited liability partnership or limited partnership stipulated by the Partnership Law, among which the limited liability partnership is only for the professional institutions such as law firms and accounting firms. Comparing with model a and b, model c seems more feasible and time-and-cost saving for the foreign partners. A complete due diligence will be conducted in order to minimize the risk from the operation of the domestic partnership before the participation date of the foreign partners. In consideration of the current administration and nature of the partnerships, lack of credibility and the other elements in China, it will be difficult to get a complete due diligence report satisfied with the foreign partners. Therefore, models a and b are highly recommended. Which model of a or b take needs the consideration and balance of the foreign partners based on their business plan, legal structuring, such as whether foreign partners themselves intend to do the business competing with the foreign partnership and how to exit by transferring the contribution in the partnership, ect., and the thresholds discussed below.
Foreign Partners’ Qualification
The difference in the expression on the partners from overseas and China should be noted. Foreign partners only include foreign enterprises and individuals. The Chinese partners include Chinese individuals, legal persons and the other organizations. There is no unified legal interpretation on the “enterprise”, though mostly it refers to the profitable organizations. This uncertainty may come from the prudency of the legislator of China on the qualifications of foreign partners. Under article 184 of the Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues concerning the Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China for Trial (“the Opinions”), this expression of “enterprise” on the foreign partners allow the SAIC local branch more discretion to judge whether the foreign partner is a qualified “enterprise” or not in accordance with the relevant Chinese laws. In this scenario, the foreign partners need to note that they should not fall into the types of entities prescribed in article 3 of the Partnership Law if they aim to be a general partner, which says that wholly state-funded company, state-owned company, listed company, public-welfare-oriented institution or social organization may not become a general partner.
Regarding the foreign individuals, they must have full capacity for civil conduct in accordance with article 14 of the Partnership Law. The international private law problem will also be involved here. Pursuant to article 180 of the Opinions, the foreign individuals who conduct civil activities in the territory of China, shall be regarded as having full capacity for civil conduct if they have that in accordance with China laws, no matter what their national laws requires for their capacity for civil conduct. Foreign individuals at or above the age of 18 years old are qualified to be the foreign partners if they are not mentally ill.
Thresholds for Foreign Partnership
Some thresholds, such as the approval by the MOC, imposed on the FIEs are lifted for foreign partnership. This means that the foreign partnership and the domestic partnership will be treated with unified threshold in the aspect of approval, which will definitely reduce the criticism from the international community, but may cause more from the domestic public (including those FIEs). But it does not mean that there will be no thresholds review on foreign partnership.
Article 3 of the Foreign Partnership Measures lists the general thresholds for the foreign partnerships. The establishment of foreign partnership shall abide by the Partnership Law and the other relevant laws, regulations and rules, and comply with the industrial policies for foreign investment. These general thresholds need to be analyzed together with the reference to the other relevant laws, regulations, rules and policies.
First, the threshold provided by the Partnership Law is the pre-approval on the business scope. Where the business cope of a foreign partnership contains any item, for example oil distribution, that is subject to approval prior to registration according to laws or regulations, such approval shall be sought in advance and submitted at the time of registration with SAIC local branch. These pre-approvals involve , but not limited to, the Ministry of Land, the Ministry of Transport, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, etc., which depends on the business of the foreign partnership.
Second, the Provisions on Guiding the Orientation of Foreign Investment (2002) and the Catalogue for the Guidance of Foreign Investment Industries (revised in 2007) (collectively “foreign investment industrial policies”) set up the industrial threshold for the foreign partnerships, which are the industrial policy basis for the SAIC local branch to review registration application to establish foreign partnership in China. This will obviously increase the working load of the SAIC local branches since they are lack of the experience in this kind of foreign investment industrial policies review. We may also anticipate that there might be different explanation and implementations on the above two documents, which will be the problem faced by those foreign partners who submit the application in the first half year after the Foreign Partnership Measures comes into force on March 1, 2010.
The third threshold is that the verification is required if the project invested by the foreign partners falls into the scope described in the Provisional Measures Governing Verification of Foreign Invested Projects. The charging authority is the National Development and Reform Commission and its local branches, which depending on the amount of the total investment and the nature of the project.
It is necessary to note the forth threshold hidden in the important expression in article 3 of the Foreign Partnership Measures, which put the “rules” as the legal basis for the establishment of foreign partnerships. In the legal system of China, it indicates that the State Council authorizes the ministries or departments under the State Council (“the Ministries”) to issue necessary “rules” applicable to foreign partnerships. It also reflects that the existing valid “rules” issued by the Ministries, including those applicable to the representative offices opened by foreign law firms in China, are still the barrier for the foreign partners to access the local market in China.
The final threshold comes from the commitment of China in its WTO accession. Although the State Council encourages those foreign partners who have advanced technology and management experience to establish foreign partnership in China with the purpose to facilitate the development of the modern service industry, at this stage, the services industries may only limited to those listed in the Schedule of Specific Commitments on Services (Annex 9 of the Protocol on the Accession of the People’s Republic of China) and the openness will not be wider than the commitments therein.
Registration of the Foreign Partnership
In the FIEs regime, all investments by foreign investors need the pre-approvals of the MOC or MOC local branches. In the approval process, the MOC or MOC local branches will review, but not limited to, the content of the application, the article of associations of FIEs and contracts signed by the parties if any. Generally, this approval procedure will take 5 working days to 90 working days depending on the nature and total investment of the project. In this regard, the cancel of this approval for the foreign partnership will significantly escalate the speed of the establishment in the procedural stage and to a great extent reduce the uncertainty from the MOC or MOC local branches.
The Foreign Partnership Measures stipulates that the representative or agent of all the partners shall submit the establishment application only to the SAIC local branch and not the SAIC. The submission shall include, besides the documents required by the Regulations on the Administration of Registration of Partnership Business (revised in 2007, “Partnership Registration Regulation”), the explanation on compliance of the foreign partnership with the foreign investment industrial policies, which will ease the review by the SAIC local branch. In this regard, the review may not be limited to the formality as provided in article 16 of Partnership Registration Regulation. It seems impossible for the SAIC local branch to issue the license to the foreign partnership on the spot. In this scenario, the SAIC local branch shall make a decision on whether to issue the license to the foreign partnership within 20 working days after the date it accepts the complete application.
The Foreign Partnership Measures is the second case for MOC and MOC local branches to lose approval authority in the recent years. The first case is for the representative office opened by most of foreign enterprises in China since 2004. Although the loss of approval authority, the MOC local branches at the same level with the SAIC local branches accepting the application for establishment of foreign partnership shall be advised the registration information (including the establishment, alteration and cancel) of the foreign partnerships by the latter.
Conclusion
For those foreign partners not interested in establishing professional foreign partnerships such as law firms in China, they are now can access the Chinese market with a presence in the option of partnership. The approval procedures involved with the MOC or its local branches as set up for FIEs has been removed. The minimum investment (registered capital) requirement for FIEs has been reduced to RMB30,000 (RMB100,000 for one-person limited liability company) by the Company Law of the People's Republic of China (revised in 2005), the Foreign Partnership Measures leave the minimum investment open to the partners. The foreign partners can contribute with the currency (freely exchanged foreign currency or legally earned RMB), in kind, IPR, land use right, the other properties or labor service (limited to general partners) to the foreign partnerships. All these will minimize the cost for foreign partners to achieve their goal of profit maximization in China. But those enterprises focusing on the investment business, such as the foreign-funded venture capital investment enterprises and foreign-funded investment companies, are excluded from the Foreign Partnership Measures due to lack of experience in administrating this kind of enterprises by the government.
淮安市建筑节能管理办法
市政府关于印发淮安市建筑节能管理办法的通知
各县（区）人民政府，市各委、办、局，市各直属单位：
现将《淮安市建筑节能管理办法》印发给你们，希认真贯彻执行。
淮安市人民政府
二○一一年四月一日
淮安市建筑节能管理办法
第一条 为加强建筑节能管理，降低建筑使用能耗，提高能源利用效率，改善环境质量，促进经济和社会可持续发展，根据《中华人民共和国节约能源法》、国务院《民用建筑节能条例》、《江苏省建筑节能管理办法》等有关法律、法规、规章，结合本市实际，制定本办法。
第二条 凡在本市行政区域内实施新建建筑节能、既有建筑节能改造、可再生能源建筑应用、建筑用能系统运行节能及其监督管理等活动，均应遵守本办法。
第三条 本办法所称建筑节能，是指在建筑的规划、设计、建设、施工、监理和节能运行管理过程中，执行国家、行业和省、市建筑节能标准，采用节能技术、设备和产品，提高建筑围护结构保温隔热性能和用能系统运行效率，利用可再生能源，在保证建筑物室内热环境质量的前提下，降低建筑能源消耗，合理、有效地利用资源的活动。
第四条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门负责本辖区内的建筑节能监督管理工作。
第五条 市、县（区）人民政府应鼓励、扶持建筑节能的科学研究和技术开发，加强新型墙体材料的应用，推广节能型的技术、工艺、设备、材料和产品，促进可再生能源的开发利用。
第六条 对在建筑节能工作中有显著成绩的单位和个人，按照国家、省和市有关规定给予表彰和奖励。
第七条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门应当会同同级发展改革、规划、经济信息化等有关部门，组织编制建筑节能规划，报同级人民政府批准后实施。建筑节能专项规划应当包括新建建筑的节能要求、既有建筑的节能改造、可再生能源在建筑中的开发利用、建筑物用能管理等内容，同时提出工作目标、工作内容、具体要求和保障措施。
第八条 市、县（区）人民政府应当安排建筑节能专项资金，用于支持建筑节能的科学技术研究和标准制定、既有建筑的节能改造、可再生能源的应用、建筑节能的宣传以及建筑节能示范工程、节能项目、绿色建筑的推广。
第九条 市、县城乡规划行政主管部门在编制城市详细规划、镇详细规划时，应当在规划布局和建筑物的平面布置、形状、朝向、体量等方面综合考虑建筑节能和建筑能源利用的要求。
第十条 市建设行政主管部门应当依法推广和执行建筑节能强制性标准，定期发布在本市推广、限制或者禁止使用的建筑节能技术、工艺、设备、材料和产品的目录。政府投资的建设项目应当优先选用建筑节能推广目录中的技术、工艺、设备、材料和产品。鼓励按照节能和环保要求，建设绿色建筑和全装修成品住宅。
第十一条 建筑设计、施工、检测、验收、相关技术、工艺和材料的应用，以及建筑节能咨询服务、建筑的能源利用效率测评和标识、建筑用能系统运行管理等活动，应当执行国家、行业和江苏省制定的建筑节能标准。
第十二条 限制建筑物外墙围护结构使用保温浆料系统，鼓励采用墙体自保温体系，住宅建筑的分户墙、公共建筑的内隔墙采取保温节能措施。
第十三条 建设单位、设计单位在保证建筑物质量和使用功能的前提下，应当优先采用成熟的太阳能、地热能等可再生能源以及其他节能技术、产品。
第十四条 新建建筑物的设计、施工、验收，应当严格执行国家标准、行业标准、地方标准的相关规定，鼓励新建建筑物利用可再生能源。
第十五条 国家机关办公建筑和大型公共建筑新建、改建、扩建项目的可行性研究报告，应当载明有关建筑能耗指标、节能技术措施等建筑节能的要求，并按照规定编制节能专章。可行性研究报告不符合建筑节能要求的，有关部门不得批准。
第十六条 市、县城乡规划行政主管部门在审批建设项目设计方案时，应当综合考虑能源利用和建筑节能的要求，并就设计方案是否符合建筑节能强制性标准征求同级建设主管部门的意见；建设主管部门应当自收到征求意见材料之日起10个工作日内提出意见。征求意见不算在规划许可的期限内。设计方案不符合建筑节能强制性标准的，不得颁发建设工程规划许可证。
第十七条 建设单位不得明示或暗示设计单位、施工单位降低建筑节能标准，不得明示或暗示施工单位使用不符合建筑节能要求的墙体材料、保温材料、门窗、空调系统、照明设备等产品。在建工程的建筑节能措施应当作为施工现场公示信息之一，在施工现场出入口等显著位置予以公示。
第十八条 设计单位编制的设计方案、初步设计文件、施工图设计文件应当包括符合编制深度规定要求的建筑节能专篇内容，并附相应的节能计算书。
第十九条 施工图审查机构应当严格按照相关的建筑节能设计标准对建筑节能的内容进行审查，对不符合建筑节能强制性标准的，不得出具审查合格书。当建筑设计修改涉及建筑节能强制性标准时，必须将修改后的设计文件送原施工图审查机构重新审查。
第二十条 施工单位应当编制建筑节能专项施工技术方案，严格按照建筑节能审查合格的施工图设计文件和建筑节能施工技术标准的要求进行施工，需要复检的应及时送检。
第二十一条 监理单位应当按照审查合格的设计文件和建筑节能标准的要求实施监理，针对工程的特点制定符合建筑节能要求的监理规划及监理实施细则。未经专业监理工程师检查签字，涉及建筑节能功能的墙体材料、保温材料、门窗制品、空调系统、照明设备不得在工程上使用或者安装，施工单位不得进行下一道工序的施工。
第二十二条 建设工程质量监督机构在日常工程质量监督中，发现未按经审查合格的施工图设计文件进行施工或违反建筑节能强制性标准施工的，应及时要求建设单位进行整改，对不按规定进行整改或整改不符合要求的项目，不得办理竣工验收备案手续。
第二十三条 建设单位应当及时组织建筑节能分项工程验收。工程竣工验收报告应当注明建筑节能的内容和实施情况。未经验收或者验收不合格的，不得出具竣工验收合格报告。
第二十四条 房地产开发企业应当将所售商品住房的节能措施、围护结构保温隔热性能指标、用能系统、可再生能源利用等基本信息在销售现场显著位置予以公示，并在《商品房买卖合同》、《住宅质量保证书》和《住宅使用说明书》中予以载明。
第二十五条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门应当对本行政区域内既有建筑的建设年代、结构形式、用能系统、能源消耗指标、寿命周期等进行调查统计和分析，制定既有建筑节能改造计划，有计划、分步骤地实施分类改造。
第二十六条 既有建筑节能改造应当以公共建筑改造为重点，充分考虑建筑物的剩余使用年限，并对改造的必要性、可行性进行科学论证，充分利用可再生能源。
第二十七条 居住建筑及其他公共建筑不符合建筑节能强制性标准的，在尊重建筑所有权人意愿的基础上，可以结合扩建、改建，逐步实施节能改造。
第二十八条 市、县（区）国家机关办公建筑的节能改造费用，由本级人民政府纳入财政预算。居住建筑和教育、科学、文化、卫生、体育等公益事业使用的公共建筑节能改造费用，由政府、建筑所有权人共同负担。
第二十九条 实施既有建筑节能改造，应当优先采用门窗改造、遮阳、改善通风等低成本改造措施。既有建筑围护结构的改造和供热系统的改造，应当同步进行。
第三十条 鼓励社会资金投资建筑物的建筑节能改造，投资人可以按协议分享建筑物节能改造所获得的收益。
第三十一条 新建建筑的采暖制冷系统、热水供应系统、照明设备等应当优先采用太阳能、浅层地能、工业余热、生物质能等可再生能源，并与建筑物主体同步设计、同步施工、同步验收。政府投资的公共建筑应当至少利用一种可再生能源。
第三十二条 新建宾馆、酒店等有热水需要的公共建筑以及十二层及以下住宅，应将太阳能热水系统设计纳入建筑工程设计，统一规划、同步设计、同步施工，与建筑工程同时投入使用。
第三十三条 鼓励既有居住建筑和宾馆、酒店等有热水需要的公共建筑在进行节能改造时，设计、安装太阳能热水系统。物业服务企业应当为业主安装太阳能热水系统提供方便。
第三十四条 鼓励新建居住小区配置水资源循环回收利用系统。
第三十五条 鼓励使用地表水源热泵系统，并按照有关规定减免水资源费。采用地源热泵封闭循环技术，应当符合水环境保护标准。
第三十六条 鼓励结合城市建筑物、公共设施建设一体化太阳能光伏发电设施。对道路、公园、车站等公共设施推广使用太阳能光电照明系统。鼓励对建筑的屋顶、墙面等部位实施绿化。鼓励农村地区推广沼气等生物质能技术应用。
第三十七条 建筑物所有权人、使用权人或者受委托的物业服务企业应当按照国家和本省建筑节能规定，对建筑的围护结构和用能系统进行日常维护，不得人为损坏；发现损坏的，应当及时予以修复或者更换。对建筑物进行装修时应当采取必要的保护措施，防止破坏原有的围护结构、用能设备、可再生能源利用系统等节能设施。
第三十八条 使用空调采暖、制冷的公共建筑，除特殊用途外，夏季室内空调温度设置不得低于二十六摄氏度，冬季室内空调温度设置不得高于二十摄氏度。
第三十九条 建筑照明工程应当合理选择照明标准、照明方式、控制方式，并充分利用自然光，选用节能型产品，降低照明电耗，提高照明质量。
第四十条 市、县（区）建设行政主管部门应当按照有关规定对本行政区域内公共建筑的用能情况进行调查、统计和分析，并可将公共建筑的能源消耗情况向社会公布。
第四十一条 建设单位、设计单位、施工单位或者监理单位违反本办法，未按照建筑节能规范及相关标准进行工程设计、施工、监理和竣工验收的，依照《建设工程质量管理条例》、《江苏省建筑节能管理办法》等有关法律法规的规定予以处罚。
第四十二条 国家工作人员在建筑节能监督管理工作中滥用职权、徇私舞弊、玩忽职守的，由行政主管部门或者监察机关依法追究行政责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第四十三条 本办法所称建筑，是指民用建筑和工业建设项目中具有民用建筑功能的建筑。农民自建低层住宅不适用本办法，但鼓励采用建筑节能措施。
第四十四条 本办法自2011年5月1日起施行。
